Xanax (alprazolam) is a prescription medication used to treat anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and insomnia. It belongs to the benzodiazepine class, working by enhancing the effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter that calms the nervous system. This leads to reduced anxiety, muscle relaxation, and sedation. Due to its potential for dependency and withdrawal symptoms, Xanax should be used under strict medical supervision and for short-term relief of anxiety symptoms.